Jurnal Sinaps

MIXED PAIN IN LOW BACK PAIN: ELABORATION AND IDENTIFICATION

Juwita — 2022-09-28

Low back pain is a health problem that is very common and has an impact on the financial well-being of both patients and their families. Based on pathophysiology, pain can be divided into nociceptive, neuropathic, and central sensitization pain. In about 85% low back pain cases, it is not known which type of pain plays a greater role so that patients suffer from pain for more than 1 year. Currently known as Mixed Pain, namely pain with a combination of pathophysiology that underlies the pain such as nociceptive with neuropathic pain. The term pain cannot yet be formally defined, so the term mixed pain has not been used widely enough to define pain. It is necessary to conduct a search on clinical indicators of mixed pain so that the process of identifying the type of pain is better, the selection of therapy becomes more rational, and the patient's quality of life improves.

HISTOFISIOLOGI RESEPTOR SENSORIS KULIT

Cut Gina Inggriyani — 2022-09-12

The skin is the largest and heaviest organ in the body. The skin that covers the entire surface of the body has an important function as an organ of touch. There are several types of skin sensory receptors based on their sensitivity to certain modalities, namely mechanoreceptors, thermoreceptors, and nociceptors. Based on the morphology, there are two classes of skin sensory receptors, namely unencapsulated receptors and encapsulated receptors. unencapsulated receptors include free nerve endings, Merkel discs, and root hair plexuses. The encapsulated receptors consist of Pacini corpuscle, Meissner corpuscle, Ruffini corpuscle, and Krause corpuscle. With the discovery of various kinds of skin sensory receptors, individuals can receive various kinds of stimuli from the external environment and respond to these stimuli, such as temperature, pain, pressure, vibration, and itching sensations.

Resusitasi Pada Cedera Otak Traumatik

Ika Waraztuty — 2022-12-12

Brain injury is a change in brain function or there is evidence of pathology in the brain caused by external mechanical forces. The consequences of brain injury are influenced by several factors such as age, comorbid factors, sepsis, and the treatment obtained. The main goals of treating traumatic brain injury are minimizing cerebral edema, preventing increased intracranial pressure, and optimizing cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) so that it will reduce the incidence of secondary brain injury. All patients suspected of having a traumatic brain injury should undergo a primary and secondary survey which includes examination of the airway, breathing and circulation. Followed by monitoring intra-cranial pressure, body temperature, seizure prophylaxis, administration of anesthesia, analgesics and sedation, prevention of deep venous thrombosis and coagulopathy